Drill socket and collar.



C. A. SIMMONS. DRILL SOCKET AND COLLAR.

AYPLIOATIQH IIL-ED 51:21. 26,-1911.

1,1 19,766. Patented Dec.1,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1. 1 %1 I, A (@i ATTORNEYS c. A. SIMMONS. DRILL SOCKETAND COLLAR. APPLICATION PI-LBI) SEPT 26.,1911.

A 1 9 1 1h D d e t n aw P S M Y E E E N n W 4 T S T- M A E H s 2 M.

Eyz

CHARLES A. SIMMONS, OF EENSSELAER, NEW YORK.

DRILL SOCKET AND COLLAR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec, 1, field.

Application filed September 26, 1911. Serial No. 651,330.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, CHARLES A. SIMMoNs, acitizen of the United States, residing at Rensselaer, New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Drill Sockets andCollars; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention is directed to holding devices for spindle-driven tools,and resides in an improved arrangement of shank-embracing members to beused in connection with drills, reamers, and the like having standardtaper round or flat shanks.

The object of the invention is to afford a device, which is capable ofholding the tool and successfully applying to it driving force, even theexcessive force employed in modern shop practice where the high speedsteel tools are used; and which is at the same time of such characterthat it can be used interchangeably with the great variety of toolshanks found in modern shops, as well as with tool shanks from which thetank has been broken.

The round taper spindle-socket or sleeve has heretofore been found themost successful and practical means of holding metal working drills,reamers, and similar tools; and the shanks of such tools are commonlyformed with a tapered portion corresponding in length to the Morsestandard. There are in common use six different standard lengths ofshank, numbered 0, 1, 2, 8, 4,- and 5, and, less commonly used, twolarger sizes numbered 6 and 7 The spindle-sockets of machines with whichsuch tools are to be used have a taper corresponding to one of thesestandard sizes. Such a spindle-socket is then adapted to hold shanks ofsmaller sizes by providing suitable tapered sleeves of standard sizeconforming in outward configuration to one of the shank sizes andinternally to the next smaller size of shank, so that these sleeves maybe used as an intermediary between the smaller shank. and the largerspindle-socket. The tapered portion of the standard shanks is of suchlength that it issubstantially covered by the spindle-socket, or thesleeve, when the tool is in place; a small margin, varying from one-veighth of an inch in size No. 0 to threeeighths of an inch in size No.7, being left to permit the follow-up of the socket to compensate forwear. Although these standards of lengths. and taper are generallyadopted for tapered shank tools, yet the shanks themselves showconsiderable variation, several different forms having become widelyused. The most widely used of these forms are illustrated in thedrawings of this application, and each of them is characterized by ataper fitting the taper. of the socket or sleeve and most of them by a.tank adapted to extend into a tang-socket in the holder, but thesedifferent forms of shank entail the use of different forms ofspindle-socket or sleeve. Inasmuch as it is hardly practicable toprovide a machine with diiferent'forms 0f spindle-socket, the

adaptation to the holder of the different forms of shank is practicallyconfined to theemployment of different sleeves. t results that a machinehaving a spindlesocket of given size can use only one type of shank ofthat size, its use with shanks of other types being confined to thesmaller sizes in connection with which a sleeve, conforming on theoutside to the standard spindle-socket and on the inside to the peculiarform of shank, maybe used. Furthermore, itis common for the taper fit tofail owing to wear or deformation of the shanks, and thereafter thedrive is applied to the tang alone, and when the tang breaks the toolbecomes useless, since no means of driving it is at hand, althoughotherwise it may be perfectly good and capable of long life.

It is the aim of my invention to do away with the necessity which nowexists for selecting in every case a sleeve or socket which conforms tothe peculiarities of the tool shank, as well as with the waste incidentto broken tangs. To this end there is provided a tool-holding devicewhich is in effect a standard socket or sleeve, but which is made in twointerlocking parts, one of which, termed herein the collar, is fastened,or is adapted to be fastened, permanently to the shank of the tool, andthe other of which serves not only, to receive the shank and enter intointerlocking engagement with the collar, but likewise serves to hold inthe ordinary manner a standard taper-shank tool whether it is equippedwith the collar or not. This arrangement not only aims to do away withthe inconveniences and waste above suggested, but it also aims toprovide a driving connection which is entirely secure and will resistthe most excessive strains, and it adapts itself to the tool-shanks nowon the market without altering their construction and without increasingthe working length of the tool from socket to cutting tip.

. In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents the lower end of adrill press spindle broken away and a sleeve and drill in place therein.Fig. 2 represents a drill provided. with a collar, partially brokenaway. Fig. represents a section on line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4: representsa section on lin -l--l of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a view in perspective of theend of the drill press spindle. Fig. 6 is a view in perspective of thegreater portion of a sleeve, and Figs. '7 to 14-, inclusive. illustratethe collar of my invention applied to shanks of different. commonlyenualoyed, forms.

Referring to the drawings. the spindle A of a drill press is providedwith a standard taper socket and drift hole as usual, but

shortened and provided upon its lower end with javs a (see Fig. whichare adapted to engage complementary jaws Z) on a collar ll, the engagingedges of the jaws being out radially so that the parts areself-centering and the full strength of the metal is effective to resistthe driving strain. The collar B has a tapered interior and when thejaws a and Z) are interlocked the drill press spindle socket and thecollar B provide a taper socket which is substantially equal in lengthto the usual. drill press socket.

In Fig. 1 the collar B is shown secured upon a sleeve C, which is usedwhen a drill shank of a sn'ialler size than the drill press socket is tobe held. If a large drill having a shank corresponding to the drillpress socket were shown the collar B would be mounted directly upon itsshank.

The collar B may be secured upon the sleeve C in any suitable mannersuch as by a tight drive but as it is intended to be a permanent part ofthe sleeve C I prefer to shrink it on or rifle the collar and then forceit on. and in some cases pin it or set the metal while hot intodepressions ground in the surface of the sleeve. The collar is mounted.upon the sleeve withdue regard to the position of the tang and jaws sothat when the sleeve is applied to the drill press socket, the tang willenter its recess and the o and b will interlock. It will now be seenthat when properly assembled the sleeve may be driven by the tang, byits taper lit, and by the jaws a and b. l prefer that the position. ofthe collar be such that the tang and aws may be brought into play atabout the same time that both may take a portion of the drive togetherwith the taper lit, and as the tang; will usually twist some beforebreaking this condition is practically attainable. A. sleeve or drillfrom which the tang has been broken away may be provided with the collar13 and serve to good purpose.

The sleeve C is shown shortened and provided with jaws 0 similar to jawsa on the drill spindle and a collar D mounted on the drill E is providedwith jaws (Z which engage jaws c in a manner similar to that in whichthe jaws a and 6 upon the drill spindle A and collar B engage. Thesleeve C and collar D are together substantially equal in length to astandard sleeve so that no changes have to be made in the drill shanksused and the entire device occupies but the usual space below the drillpress.

lVhen my holding device is adopted in a manufacturing plant it is onlynecessary to shorten the drill press sockets and provide them with thejaws a. Each of the tools should be provided with a collar, but thechange necessarily male in the drill. press socket and sleeves does notpreclude the use therein of standard drills which are not provided withcollars. However, drills from which the tangs may have been broken ortwisted may be used and the saving, in large drills especially, marked.The advanta gained by the positive jaw drive are especially noticeablewhen high speed steels are used in the manufacture of drills, as thestandard tang does not present suliicient strength to attain the maximumdrill. efliciencv.

The collars should. be so tapered that suliieient space will appearbetween the sockets and collars to permit the socket to follow up andcompensate for wear of the shank 3f the drill and of the socket and inthe arranqement described this space does, not interfere with theinterlocking of the jaws. I prefer to incline the rear edges of the jawsto facilitate their engagement.

In Figs. 7 to 14 inclusive, 1 have illus trated several different formsof shanks equipped with the collar of my invention indicated in eachcase by the reference letter D. In Fig. 7 I have shown a commonlyemployed form of shank E having a double tang, it being customary tofurnish for use withsuch tangs a sleeve shaped on its i11- terior toengage both of the tangs, or the larger tang, so that if the smallertang is broken 0d the tool is still available for use if an appropriatesleeve is at hand. In Fig. 8 there is shown a standard shank E with thetang broken off. In Fig. 9 there is shown a shank E withoutany tang atall. In Fig. 10 there is shown a form of twisted taper shank E which isnow widely used and has the advantage that the whole drill may betwisted up from a flat piece of metal. In Fig. 11. there is shown a flattaper shank In this case the collar may, in accordance with myinvention, be made with a hole which fits the flat taper shank, asindicated in Fig. 12, which is a section on line l2-12 of Fig. 11, or Imay employ just such an annular collar as I would use on a round tapershank, as indicated in Fig. 13, which is a like section of an identicalshank with an annular collar. In either case the self-centeringcharacter of the sleeve and collar will have the effect to preventwabbling of the flat taper shank even if it is considerably worn. InFig. 14: is illustrated the so-called' new standard shank E, whichcorresponds to the double tang shank of Fig. 7 with the exception thatthe end tang is cut off. It will be observed that it is only necessary,in each of these cases, to fasten the collar D on the shank and thetoolbecomes immediately available for use with an ordinary taper-socket orsleeve, provided that socket or sleeve has been shortened and cutto formthe aws suitable for interlocking engagement with the jaws on thecollar. It thus becomes possible to provide all taper shank drills in ashop with these collars and then to confine the equipment of socket andsleeves to a uniform type such as is illustrated and described, andwhich is so shortened as to form, in conjunction with the collar, Whatis in effect a standard tapersocket or sleeve.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

1. In combination with a taper-shank tool, a collar secured to the baseof the shank and a sleeve embracing thelshank above the collar, thesleeve and collar together constituting a socket for the shank of thetool substantially equal in length to a standard socket and having adriving connection comprising projections thereupon making endwiseinterlocking engagement; substantially as described.

2. In combination with a taper-shank tool, an interiorly tapered collarsecured to the base of the tapered portion of the shank and aninteriorly tapered sleeve embracing Copies of this patent may beobtained for five cents each, by addressing the endwise interlockingengagement; substantially as described.

3. In combination with a taper-shank tool, a collar secured to the base,of the shank and a sleeve embracing the shank above the collar, thesleeve and collar having a driving connection comprising projectionsthereupon making endwise interlocking and selfcentering engagement;substantially as described.

i. In combination with a taper-shank tool, a collar secured to the baseof the shank and an interiorly tapered sleeve embracing the shank abovethe collar, the taper of the shank and sleeve being such and the collarbeing so placed, that a follow-up space is left between the sleeve andthe col lar, the sleeve and collar together constituting a socket forthe shank of the'tool substantially equal in length to a standardsocket, and having a driving connection comprising projections thereuponmaking endwise interlocking engagement; substantially as described.

5. In combination with. a taper-shank tool, a collar secured to the baseof the shank and a sleeve embracing the shank above the collar, thesleeve and collar having a driving connection comprising projectionsthereupon making endwise interlocking engagement and having theirengaging edges out radially; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES A. SIMMONS.

Witnesses:

CHARLES J. TOBIN, CHAs. Burrs.-

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0.

